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Oder Anguilliformes Family Muraenidae(Moray eels).
Spotted moray eel
Gymnothorax isingteena(Richardson, 1845) 180 cm TL
Korean name/geom-eun-jeom-gom-chi(검은점곰치)
Chinese name/虎鳗
Vert. 131~142
Distribution; Indo-West Pacific/Mauritius, the Comoros, Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia, up to southern Japan and southern Korea.
General; The name of Spotted moray eel(Gymnothorax isingteena) comes from the Greek “gymnos” = naked and from the Latin ‘thorax”=thorax; it is, in fact, a fish with bare thorax, without scales. The name of the species isingteena comes from “isingteen”, the vulgar name the Chinese use for this fish. The dorsal, caund anal fins are merged to form a unique long cutaneous crest starting from the back of head and running along the tail up to the anal region. As is always the case among the morays, the pectoral fins and thentral one are absent. The body is serpentiform, without scales, protected by slippery mucus which allows the animal to slip, without damages, in the scabrous crevices of the madrepores and the rocks.
Body strongly elongated, and slightly compressed. The eyesight is poor, but instead it has four nostrils(2 pairs), they have perfect circulation of the water, and collecting ability for sensitive informations. The anterior two nostrils, having the shape of a small tube on the snout, are bent forward and the posterior two, close to eyes, show only a protruding ring. The result is an exceptional sense of smell, much more useful than the eye sight while hunting in night. The gill opening, mimetizied among the spots, are reduced to two holes. The snout short and pointed.The mouth with enormously large opening. Mouth with raws of sharp or hooked teeth for holding and tearing the prey. Body color almost white or whitish pale brown with countless dark roundish spots. Spots are present, also inside the mouth. Recognized by its generally more white color and more rounder spots than other similar spotted congers. Larger and widely spaced spots in young fish; smaller and more numerous spots with increased growth.
Gymnothorax isingteena lives solitarily as other moray species. It lives among the cracks of the rocks not beyond the 30m of depth. Feed mainly on crabs, lobsters and fishes. As all other congers in Order Anguilliformes(eels and morays), the larvae of Gymnothorax isingteena is pelagic and called leptocephali, have the appearance of transparent small stripes shaped like a willow’s leaf. The larvae’s head is very small. The larval phase is very long; it may last several months, till the animal, assumed a cylindrical shape, does reach the reef. The growth rate is slow, and even if it is a little hunted species, it has a high vulnerability risk of 78 on a scale of 100.
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