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Oder Gasterosteiforme Family Hypoptychidae(Sand eel) Korean sandlance Hypoptychus dybowskii(Steindachner, 1880). 9cm TL Korean name/yang-mi-ri Japanese name/shiwa-ikanago D/soft ray 19~21, A/soft ray 19~22. P1/9~10. Vertbae/55~57, Branchiostegal rays/4, Gill raker/22~26
Distribution: North Pacific/north of central east sea of Korea, northern Japan, Sakhalin, Russia. General; This species is the only known member of its genus and family. Body elongate, slightly compressed, scales absent. With pointed snout, lower jaw longer than upper jaw. Lateral line straight along the full span of body middle side. Small dorsal and anal fins located posteriorly and opposite side. With transparent and relatively long skin-fold at anterior of anal fin, the skin-fold of male is broad and slender in female. When alive, body color yellowish brown dorsally and silvery white ventrally. Dorsal and anal fins transparent, but slightly dark in males. Principal caudal fin rays 13; 11 branched. Incomplete circumorbital ring. Premaxillary teeth present only in males. Pleural ribs about 29 pairs. About 55-57 vertebrae. Hypural plate consisting of upper and lower halves. about 9 cm maximum length. Lacking in scutes, spines, pelvic girdle and pelvic fins.
Inhabits relatively deep coastal waters and in schools. Like sticklebacks, it feeds on small invertebrates and fish larvae. Spawn in April to July, in high tide, adults move to shallow water for spawing at depth of 2∼3m where there are plenty weeds. Also like sticklebacks, it produces a sticky secretion from its kidneys when breeding. The parent uses the secretion to attach the eggs to sargassum. Male protects the eggs and die. It is a commercially important species where it occurs. Many Korean people are confused about the 2 species; Hypoptychus dybowskii(Korean sandlance) and Ammodytes personatu(Pacific sandlance); it is because of the mass media reports of a local community’s annual fish festival titled erroneously.
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