Order Stomiiformes Family Sternoptychidae(Marine hatchetfishes). Silvery lightfish Maurolicus muelleri(Gmelin, 1789). 8.0 cm TL D/spines 0, soft rays 10-11. A/spines 0, soft rays 24-25. LL/23. Vertebrae 33-35. Gill raker(새파)/21~33.
Distribution; Sub-Arctic, and sub-Antarctic waters of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. In tropical and subtropical waters. Found in south-east sea of Korea. General; Only 1 species(Maurolicus muelleri) has been reported in Korea, 17 species in Japan, so more species are expected to be distributed in Korean seas. Max length : 8.0 cm TL, common length : 4.0 cm TL, max. reported age: 3 years. Silvery with a greenish-blue back. Silvery lightfish is small fish, with deep body and with rows of photophores on the underside from lower jaw to peduncle. 2 shapes of photophores; round one and oval shape. Eye large, the length of snout and eye almost equal. It has a big and vertical mouth. With 1 dorsal fin located at middle of the body, and there is also a dorsal adipose fin. Pectoral fin placed at lower body. The starting points of dorsal and pelvic fins symmetrical. Caudal fin deeply forked.
Oceanic, found to depths of at least 1,524 m. Migrate in the water column at depths of 300 - 400 m during the day and to about 50 m at night. Mesopelagic; abundant near continental shelf-slope breaks and seamounts, rare in the open ocean. A cyclic selective feeder of copepods and euphausiids. Ecologically important prey fish for other larger fishes. They become sexually mature when 1 year old. Spawning takes place in March - September, producing 200-500 eggs, floating on the surface. Lipid content is 5.5 % in fresh body weight and wax ester is 15.3 % in total lipids. Spawns at least twice in in a lifetime.
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