[marine, brackish, fresh] Order Mugiliformes Family Mugilidae(mullets) So-iuy mullet Planiliza haematocheilus(Temminck & Schlegel, 1845). 80.0 cm TL Synomym)/Mugil haematocheilus; Chelon haematocheilus Korean name/ga-sung-eo(가숭어) Japanese name/メナダ; Hadder | D/spine 4, soft ray 8-10. A/spine 3, soft ray 8~10. P1/15-18.
Distribution; Northwest Pacific/all around coastal waters and river mouths of Korean Peninsula except Jeju Island, Hokkaido southward to Kyushu, Japan; Amur River southward to Xiamen China. Reported from Vietnam. Introduced in the Aegean Sea, Black Sea and the Mediterranean. General; Similar to Flathead grey mullet(Mugil cephalus). Body slender and elongated. Fore body cylindrical, compressed posteriorly. Back surface of predorsal fin flat. Head small and strongly depressed. Mouth small, and with Λ shape when seen from front. Snout short, and lips with red hue. A line of very small bristle teeth at anterior parts of both jaws. Upper jaw reaches nearly anterior margin of eye. Eye large, placed at fore area of head. Adipose eye lid very small. Has 2 nostrils in shape of short cut with knife. With 2 dorsal fins. Caudal fin slightly emarginated.
Head and body greyish blue in ground color, almost white ventrally. Each scales has a pale dark accent, combination of these dots look like as line patterns, but in fact this fish has no stripes, no blotches or no spots. Without a blue spot at base of pectoral fin that Mugil cephalus(Flathead grey mullet) has. Eye yellow. All fins almost transparent; dorsal fins dark gray; caudal and pectoral fin brownish; and pelvic fin yellowish.
Both Planiliza haematocheilus(So-iuy mullet) and Mugil cephalus(Flathead grey mullet) are common fish in Korea, and general public call both fishes in single common name “sung-eo” that means Mugil cephalus; not differentiate both fish. However both specimens different in number of dorsal fin rays, eye color, development of adipose eye lids, and the extension of emargination of caudal fin. Inhabit coastal waters and river mouth, feed on phytoplankton and organic matter in substrate. Spawn in February to March.
So-iuy mullet(Planiliza haematocheilus) is much larger and slimmer than the Flathead grey mullet(Mugil cephalus), so in Korea, So-iuy mullet is often referred to as "true mullet" and the Flathead grey mullet as "dog mullet" or "mud mullet," that meaning downgrade. If you compare the value of So-iuy mullet and Flathead grey mullet, there is no superiority, but in terms of taste, Flathead grey mullet is delicious in winter and So-iuy mullet is delicious in summer. So-iuy mullet is known in dialect as mil-chi. So-iuy mullet can be farmed.
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